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Text File | 1994-03-01 | 33KB | 735 lines

; Protected-Mode Input/Output Procedures. ; Version 1.1 ; ; All PMIO procedures assume that the code is resident in a 32-bit segment. ;The flat-data model is also assumed, that is, DS = FLATDSEL. If the latter ;assumption is unacceptable, then modify the code to load DS at the beginning of ;the procedures. A full explanation of each IO procedure is provided above the ;procedure. The following is a brief summary: ; ;Screen Procedures: ; ; The screen procedures always print at the recorded BIOS cursor position and ;update the BIOS position after printing; however, they do not adjust the video ;hardware to actually relocate the cursor on the screen. Call UPDATECSR for ;this purpose. ; The screen procedures avoid all calls to DOS and BIOS. Therefore, they ;should function properly within interrupt handlers. ; The screen address is assumed to be B8000H, which will be the case for ;color monitors. For monochrome monitors, set SCRNBASEADR to B0000H. ; ;Procedure Description ;PCH Print ASCII character in AL ;CRLF Issue carriage return and line feed ;SCRLUP Scoll screen up ;SPC Print AL spaces ;CLS Clear screen ;PSTR Print zero terminated ASCII string at ES:EBX ;PCSSTR Print zero terminated ASCII string at CS:EBX ;PHW Print WORD in AX as hexadecimal ;PHD Print DWORD in EAX as hexadecimal ;PUW Print unsigned WORD in AX as decimal ;PUD Print unsigned DWORD in EAX as decimal ;PSW Print signed WORD in AX as decimal ;PSD Print signed DWORD in EAX as decimal ;FPST Print ST of FPU using format in AX. AH = characters to left of ; decimal. AL = characters to right of decimal. ; ;Keyboard Procedures: ; ;Procedure Description ;GETCH Get character from keyboard in AX. AL = either ASCII code or ; scan code. If sign bit of AH is set, then scan code. Other bits ; in AH define the state of shift and toggle keys (see procedure ; for detail). Character is not echoed. ;SETCSRPOS Set cursor position. Call with (AH,AL) = (row,column). Rows ; range from zero (top) to 24 (bottom). Columns range from zero ; (left) to 79 (right). ;GETCSRPOS Get cursor position in AX. (AH,AL) = (row,column). ;UPDATECSR Physically relocate cursor on screen to current BIOS coordinates. ;SETCSRTYPE Set cursor type. Call with AL = 0 for underline, or 1 for block. ; Call with sign bit of AL set to disable the cursor. ;SETCSR Set cursor position and type. Call with position in DX and type ; in CX. CH = start scan line, and CL = end scan line. Scan lines ; range from 0 (top) to 7 (bottom). ;GETCSR Get cursor position/type in DX/CX (CH/CL = start/end scan line). ; ;Speaker Procedures: ; ;Procedure Description ;BEEP Produce beep through speaker. ;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ;TASM Modifications ;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ; TASM users should set TASMMODE below to true. These modifications were ;tested with TASM 4.0. TRUE = 1 FALSE = 0 TASMMODE = FALSE IF TASMMODE MASM51 QUIRKS SMART NOJUMPS LARGESTACK PUSHW MACRO IMMEDIATE16:REST ;PUSH immediate 16-bit data IF (@WordSize EQ 4) DB 66H ENDIF DB 68H DW IMMEDIATE16 ENDM PUSHD MACRO IMMEDIATE32:REST ;PUSH immediate 32-bit data IF (@WordSize EQ 2) DB 66H ENDIF DB 68H DD IMMEDIATE32 ENDM ENDIF ;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ;Local Data and Constants ;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ALIGN 4 SCRNBASEADR DD 000B8000H ;Screen address CURPOSADR EQU 00000450H ;BIOS address containing cursor position TICKCNTADR EQU 0000046CH ;BIOS address containing timer-tick counter ;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ;Screen Routines ;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ;Print ASCII code in AL at cursor. PCH PROC NEAR PUSH EBX PUSH EDX MOV EDX,DWORD PTR DS:[CURPOSADR] ;Cursor (row,col) in (DH,DL) PUSH EDX ;Push cursor position XOR EBX,EBX MOV BL,DH SHL EBX,5 ;Multiply row by 160 LEA EBX,[EBX+4*EBX] ;160 = 32 + 4 * 32 AND EDX,0FFH ;Clear all but column LEA EBX,[EBX+2*EDX] ADD EBX,CS:SCRNBASEADR POP EDX ;POP cursor position MOV [EBX],AL INC DL ;Increment column CMP DL,79 JBE RCDCURSOR XOR DL,DL ;Move to zero column of next row INC DH ;Move to next row RCDCURSOR: MOV WORD PTR DS:[CURPOSADR],DX ;Assume row is valid CMP DH,24 JA DOSCROLL EXIT: POP EDX POP EBX RET DOSCROLL: PUSHD OFFSET EXIT JMP SCRLUP PCH ENDP ;Clear cursor to end of line and issue CRLF. Scroll up if necessary. CRLF PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH EBX PUSH ECX MOV EAX,DWORD PTR DS:[CURPOSADR] PUSH EAX ;PUSH cursor position XOR EBX,EBX MOV BL,AH SHL EBX,5 ;Multiply row by 160 LEA EBX,[EBX+4*EBX] ;160 = 32 + 4 * 32 AND EAX,0FFH ;Clear all but column MOV CL,80 SUB CL,AL ;Get number of bytes to clear in CL LEA EBX,[EBX+2*EAX] ADD EBX,CS:SCRNBASEADR MOV AL,32 CLREOL: MOV [EBX],AL ;Clear to end of line ADD EBX,2 DEC CL JNZ CLREOL POP EAX ;POP cursor position INC AH ;Increment row CMP AH,24 JA DOSCROLL XOR AL,AL ;Set column to zero MOV WORD PTR DS:[CURPOSADR],AX EXIT: POP ECX POP EBX POP EAX RET DOSCROLL: PUSHD OFFSET EXIT JMP SCRLUP CRLF ENDP ;Scroll entire screen up one line and leave cursor at start of line 24. SCRLUP PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH EBX PUSH ECX MOV EBX,CS:SCRNBASEADR MOV ECX,960 ;960 = (80*24*2)/4 (DWORDS to scroll) SCROLLLOOP: MOV EAX,[EBX+160] MOV [EBX],EAX ADD EBX,4 DEC ECX JNZ SCROLLLOOP MOV CL,80 MOV AL,32 CLR24: MOV [EBX],AL ;Clear line 24 ADD EBX,2 DEC CL JNZ CLR24 EXIT: MOV WORD PTR DS:[CURPOSADR],1800H ;Set cursor to bottom line in zero column POP ECX POP EBX POP EAX RET SCRLUP ENDP ;Print AL spaces at cursor. SPC PROC NEAR OR AL,AL JZ EXIT PUSH EAX MOV AH,AL MOV AL,32 PRINTSPC: CALL PCH DEC AH JNZ PRINTSPC POP EAX EXIT: RET SPC ENDP ;Clear screen and leave cursor at (0,0) position. CLS PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH EBX PUSH ESI MOV EBX,CS:SCRNBASEADR MOV ESI,1999 MOV AL,32 DOCLS: MOV [EBX+2*ESI],AL DEC ESI JNS DOCLS MOV WORD PTR DS:[CURPOSADR],0H POP ESI POP EBX POP EAX RET CLS ENDP ;Print ASCIIZ string at address in ES:EBX. PSTR PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH EBX CHARLOOP: MOV AL,ES:[EBX] OR AL,AL ;See if at end of string JZ EXIT CALL PCH INC EBX JMP CHARLOOP EXIT: POP EBX POP EAX RET PSTR ENDP ;Print ASCIIZ string at address CS:EBX. PCSSTR PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH EBX CHARLOOP: MOV AL,CS:[EBX] ;See if at end of string OR AL,AL JZ EXIT CALL PCH INC EBX JMP CHARLOOP EXIT: POP EBX POP EAX RET PCSSTR ENDP ;Print hexadecimal WORD in AX. PHW PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH ECX PUSH EDX MOV EDX,EAX MOV CL,4 ;Print four nibbles CALCNIBS: MOV AL,DL AND AL,0FH ADD AL,48 CMP AL,57 JBE PUSHDIGIT ADD AL,7 PUSHDIGIT: PUSH EAX SHR EDX,4 DEC CL JNZ CALCNIBS MOV CL,4 PRNTNIBS: POP EAX CALL PCH DEC CL JNZ PRNTNIBS POP EDX POP ECX POP EAX RET PHW ENDP ;Print hexadecimal DWORD in EAX. PHD PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH ECX PUSH EDX MOV EDX,EAX MOV CL,8 ;Print eight nibbles CALCNIBS: MOV AL,DL AND AL,0FH ADD AL,48 CMP AL,57 JBE PUSHDIGIT ADD AL,7 PUSHDIGIT: PUSH EAX SHR EDX,4 DEC CL JNZ CALCNIBS MOV CL,8 PRNTNIBS: POP EAX CALL PCH DEC CL JNZ PRNTNIBS POP EDX POP ECX POP EAX RET PHD ENDP ;Print unsigned WORD in AX as decimal. PUW PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH EBX PUSH ECX PUSH EDX AND EAX,0FFFFH XOR ECX,ECX MOV EBX,10 CALCDIGS: XOR EDX,EDX DIV BX PUSH EDX INC ECX OR EAX,EAX JNZ CALCDIGS PRNTDIGS: POP EAX ADD AL,48 CALL PCH DEC ECX JNZ PRNTDIGS POP EDX POP ECX POP EBX POP EAX RET PUW ENDP ;Print unsigned DWORD in EAX as decimal. PUD PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH EBX PUSH ECX PUSH EDX XOR ECX,ECX MOV EBX,10 CALCDIGS: XOR EDX,EDX DIV EBX PUSH EDX INC ECX OR EAX,EAX JNZ CALCDIGS PRNTDIGS: POP EAX ADD AL,48 CALL PCH DEC ECX JNZ PRNTDIGS POP EDX POP ECX POP EBX POP EAX RET PUD ENDP ;Print signed WORD in AX as decimal. PSW PROC NEAR PUSH EAX OR AX,AX JNS PABS PUSH EAX MOV AL,"-" CALL PCH POP EAX NEG AX ;Calculate absolute value PABS: CALL PUW ;Print absolute value POP EAX RET PSW ENDP ;Print signed DWORD in EAX as decimal. PSD PROC NEAR PUSH EAX OR EAX,EAX JNS PABS PUSH EAX MOV AL,"-" CALL PCH POP EAX NEG EAX ;Calculate absolute value PABS: CALL PUD ;Print absolute value POP EAX RET PSD ENDP ;Print ST of FPU using format code in AX. Call with lowest seven bits of AH = ;number of high-order digits plus the sign (if negative), and lowest five bits ;of AL = number of low-order digits. Fractions are printed with leading zeros ;if the sign bit of AH is clear. Will print numbers absolutely smaller than ;10 ^ 18 and will print up to 18 decimal places. Will fill entire print field ;with "*" if high-order digit field is too small. Will fill entire print field ;with ">" if number is absolutely greater than or equal to 10 ^ 18. It is ;assumed that ST contains a valid number. AL must not be greater than 18. FPST PROC NEAR LOCAL NOLEAD0FLAG:DWORD ;If set, then no leading zero is placed in front of fractions LOCAL FLDWIDTH:DWORD ;The width of the print field LOCAL NOHIDIGITS:DWORD ;Number of high-order digits LOCAL NOLODIGITS:DWORD ;Number of low-order digits LOCAL OLDCWORD:WORD ;Old FPU control word LOCAL NEWCWORD:WORD ;Local FPU control word LOCAL HIDIGITS[10]:BYTE ;Storage for high-order digit string LOCAL LODIGITS[10]:BYTE ;Storage for low-order digit string PUSH EAX PUSH EBX PUSH ECX PUSH EDX PUSH ESI PUSH EDI XOR ECX,ECX ;Assume leading zeros on fractions CHKLEADZERO: OR AH,AH ;Test assumption JNS SETLEAD0MODE INC ECX ;Will not print leading zeros SETLEAD0MODE: MOV NOLEAD0FLAG,ECX AND AH,7FH ;Mask leading zero flag MOV CL,AH ;Set ECX = number of high order digits + sign MOV NOHIDIGITS,ECX MOV CL,AL ;Set ECX = number of decimal places MOV NOLODIGITS,ECX ADD AL,AH ;Compute field width in EAX AND EAX,0FFH OR ECX,ECX JZ SETFLDWIDTH INC EAX ;Account for decimal point SETFLDWIDTH: MOV FLDWIDTH,EAX FSTCW OLDCWORD ;Save original control word MOV AX,OLDCWORD OR AH,0FH ;Set PC to 64 bits and RC to truncate MOV NEWCWORD,AX FLDCW NEWCWORD FLD ST ;See if number of high order digits greater than 18 FABS FCOM CS:FPPOWERTEN[8*18] FSTSW AX SAHF JAE OVERFLOW FLD ST(1) ;Compute and save high order digits FBSTP TBYTE PTR HIDIGITS[0] FLD ST ;Compute and save low order digits FRNDINT AND BYTE PTR NEWCWORD[1],0F3H ;Set RC to round FLDCW NEWCWORD FSUB FMUL CS:FPPOWERTEN[8*ECX] CALCLODIGITS: XOR EAX,EAX XOR EDI,EDI MOV ESI,8 FBSTP TBYTE PTR LODIGITS[0] GETHIDIGIT: OR AL,HIDIGITS[ESI] ;Find first nonzero digit JNZ CALCHIORDER DEC ESI JNS GETHIDIGIT XOR ESI,ESI ;There are no nonzero high order digits TEST BYTE PTR NOLEAD0FLAG[0],01H ;See if leading zeros are disabled JNZ CHKSIGN INC ESI ;Add leading zero JMP CHKSIGN CALCHIORDER: MOV EDI,ESI INC ESI ;Convert ESI to number of high order digits ADD ESI,ESI AND AL,0F0H ;See if highest digit is in odd position JNZ CHKSIGN DEC ESI CHKSIGN: MOV DL,HIDIGITS[9] ;Get sign byte OR DL,DL JNS CHKHIFLD INC ESI ;Account for "-" CHKHIFLD: MOV EAX,NOHIDIGITS SUB EAX,ESI ;See if field for high-order digits and sign is large enough JB SMALLFLD CALL SPC ;Print leading spaces PRNTSIGN: OR DL,DL JNS PRNTHIDIGITS MOV AL,"-" CALL PCH DEC ESI PRNTHIDIGITS: OR ESI,ESI ;See if any high order digits are to be printed JZ PRNTDEC MOV DL,HIDIGITS[EDI] TEST ESI,01H JNZ ODDHIDIGIT HIDIGITLOOP: MOV AL,DL SHR AL,4 ADD AL,48 CALL PCH ODDHIDIGIT: MOV AL,DL AND AL,0FH ADD AL,48 CALL PCH DEC EDI JS PRNTDEC MOV DL,HIDIGITS[EDI] JMP HIDIGITLOOP PRNTDEC: OR ECX,ECX ;See if any low order digits are to be printed JZ EXIT MOV AL,"." CALL PCH MOV EDI,ECX ;Find byte number for first digit DEC EDI SHR EDI,1 MOV DL,LODIGITS[EDI] TEST CL,01H JNZ ODDLODIGIT LODIGITLOOP: MOV AL,DL SHR AL,4 ADD AL,48 CALL PCH ODDLODIGIT: MOV AL,DL AND AL,0FH ADD AL,48 CALL PCH DEC EDI JS EXIT MOV DL,LODIGITS[EDI] JMP LODIGITLOOP EXIT: FLDCW OLDCWORD ;Restore calling control word POP EDI POP ESI POP EDX POP ECX POP EBX POP EAX RET FILLFLD: MOV ECX,FLDWIDTH RCDCHAR: CALL PCH ;Print one character even if field width is zero SUB ECX,1 JAE RCDCHAR JMP EXIT SMALLFLD: MOV AL,"*" JMP FILLFLD OVERFLOW: FSTP ST ;Pop absolute value of number MOV AL,">" JMP FILLFLD ALIGN 8 FPPOWERTEN LABEL QWORD DQ 1.0E0 DQ 1.0E1 DQ 1.0E2 DQ 1.0E3 DQ 1.0E4 DQ 1.0E5 DQ 1.0E6 DQ 1.0E7 DQ 1.0E8 DQ 1.0E9 DQ 1.0E10 DQ 1.0E11 DQ 1.0E12 DQ 1.0E13 DQ 1.0E14 DQ 1.0E15 DQ 1.0E16 DQ 1.0E17 DQ 1.0E18 FPST ENDP ;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ;Keyboard Routines ;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ;Get chracter from keyboard without echo. Return ASCII code or scan code in AL. ;The sign bit of AH is set if a scan code. The state of the shift keys is also ;in AH. Bits of AH are defined: 0 = shift, 1 = ctrl, 2 = alt, 3 = scroll lock, ;4 = num lock, 5 = caps lock, 6 = insert. The high word of EAX is cleared. ;Interrupts must be enabled. GETCH PROC NEAR PUSH EDX MOV AH,10H ;Remove key from type-ahead buffer. Will wait if no key present INT 16H ;Scan code in AH, ASCII code in AL MOV EDX,EAX MOV AH,12H ;Get state of flags INT 16H TEST AL,01H ;Combine right and left shift keys JZ FIXFLAGS OR AL,02H FIXFLAGS: SHR AL,1 AND EAX,07FH MOV AH,AL MOV AL,DL ;Put ASCII scan code in AL CMP AL,0E0H ;See if the character is for non-ASCII enhanced keyboard key JE DOSCAN OR AL,AL ;See if the character is for a non-ASCII key JNZ EXIT DOSCAN: MOV AL,DH ;Put scan code in AL OR AH,80H ;Set high bit to denote scan code EXIT: POP EDX RET GETCH ENDP ;Set cursor position at (row,col) = (AH,AL). SETCSRPOS PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH EBX PUSH EDX CMP AH,24 ;Do not allow row greater than 24 JBE CHKCOL MOV AH,24 CHKCOL: CMP AL,79 ;Do not allow column greater than 79 JBE SETCURSOR MOV AL,79 SETCURSOR: MOV EDX,EAX ;Place coordinates in DX XOR EBX,EBX ;Use screen zero MOV AH,02H ;Function to set cursor position INT 10H POP EDX POP EBX POP EAX RET SETCSRPOS ENDP ;Get cursor position in (AH,AL) = (row,col) GETCSRPOS PROC NEAR PUSH EBX PUSH ECX PUSH EDX MOV AH,03H ;Function to get cursor position XOR EBX,EBX ;Get position for screen zero INT 10H ;Cursor position returned in DX, and type returned in CX MOV EAX,EDX POP EDX POP ECX POP EBX RET GETCSRPOS ENDP ;Physically relocate the cursor on the screen to the current BIOS coordinates. UPDATECSR PROC NEAR PUSHD OFFSET SETCSRPOS JMP GETCSRPOS UPDATECSR ENDP ;Set cursor type. Call with AL = 1 for block, AL = 0 for underline, and sign ;bit of AL set to disable. SETCSRTYPE PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH ECX MOV AH,01H MOV CX,0607H ;Assume underline cursor OR AL,AL JZ SETCURLINES JS DISABLECSR XOR CH,CH ;Set to block cursor JMP SETCURLINES DISABLECSR: MOV CH,20H ;Disable cursor SETCURLINES: INT 10H POP ECX POP EAX RET SETCSRTYPE ENDP ;Get cursor position and type. Position in DX and type in CX. GETCSR PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH EBX MOV AH,03H ;Function to get cursor position XOR EBX,EBX ;BH = page INT 10H ;(start,end) scan line for cursor in (CH,CL) POP EBX ;(row/column) for cursor in (DH,DL) POP EAX RET GETCSR ENDP ;Set cursor position and type. Call with (DH,DL) = (row,col) for cursor and ;(CH,CL) = (start,end) scan line for cursor. SETCSR PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH EBX MOV AH,02H ;Set cursor position XOR EBX,EBX ;Use page zero INT 10H DEC AH ;Set cursor type INT 10H POP EBX POP EAX RET SETCSR ENDP ;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ;Speaker Routines ;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ;Produce beep through speaker. Interrupts must be enabled. BEEP PROC NEAR PUSH EAX PUSH EDX IN AL,61H MOV DX,6818 ;175 cycles/second CALL SOUND MOV EDX,TICKCNTADR ;Hold sound for four ticks PUSH EAX MOV EAX,[EDX] ADD EAX,4 DELAY: CMP [EDX],EAX ;Will hang in this loop timer-tick interrupt not enabled JNE DELAY POP EAX ;Disable sound OUT 61H,AL POP EDX POP EAX RET BEEP ENDP ;Activate speaker. Call with frequency divisor in DX. Divisor = 1,193,180 ;divided by cycles per second. SOUND PROC NEAR PUSH EAX MOV AL,10110110B ;Channel 2, LSB/MSB, mode 3, binary OUT 43H,AL ;Program the timer MOV EAX,EDX OUT 42H,AL MOV AL,AH OUT 42H,AL IN AL,61H OR AL,03H ;Enable speaker and use channel 2 for input OUT 61H,AL POP EAX RET SOUND ENDP